Lisebelisoa tsa likhalase li sebelisoa ka tloaelo lisebelisoa tse thusang tsa lik'hemik'hale tlhahiso ea khalase. Lisebelisoa leha e le life tse tala tse ka senyang (gasify) ka mocheso o phahameng nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho qhibiliha ha khalase ho hlahisa khase kapa ho fokotsa viscosity ea mokelikeli oa khalase ho khothalletsa ho felisoa ha li-bubble ka mokelikeli oa khalase o bitsoa clarifier. Ho ea ka mochine oa ho hlakisa khalase, e ka aroloa ka: oxide clarifier (eo hangata e tsejoang e le: tlhaloso ea oksijene), sulfate clarifier (eo hangata e tsejoang e le: sulfur clarifier), halide clarifier (eo hangata e tsejoang e le: halogen clarifier) le composite clarifier ( e tsebahalang ka hore: Tlhakiso e kopaneng).
1. Sehlakisi sa oksijene
Lintho tse hlakisang oksijene haholo-holo li kenyelletsa arsenic e tšoeu, antimony oxide, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, le cerium oxide.
1. Arsenic e tšoeu
White arsenic, eo hape e tsejoang e le arsenous anhydride, ke ntho e sebelisoang haholo ho hlakisa e nang le phello e ntle ea ho hlakisa. E tsejoa ka tloaelo e le "Clarification King" indastering ea likhalase. Empa arsenic e tšoeu e tlameha ho sebelisoa hammoho le nitrate ho finyella phello e ntle ea ho hlakisa. White arsenic e qhibiliha hanyane metsing a batang 'me e qhibiliha habonolo metsing a chesang. E chefo haholo. Ke phofo e tšoeu ea kristale kapa ntho ea khalase ea amorphous. Joalo ka sehlahisoa sa ho qhibiliha ha khauta, bohlooho ba arsenic hangata bo bohlooho, bo bohlooho kapa bo bohlooho-botšo. E sebelisoa haholo joalo ka ntho e hlakisang. arsenic. Ha arsenic e tšoeu e futhumetse ho feta likhato tse 400, e tla hlahisa arsenic pentoxide e nang le oksijene e hlahisoang ke nitrate ka mocheso o phahameng. Ha e futhumala ho likhato tse 1300, arsenic pentoxide e tla bola ho hlahisa arsenic trioxide, e fokotsang khatello ea karolo ea khase ka har'a lipompong tsa khalase. E thusa ho hola ha li-bubble mme e potlakisa ho felisoa ha li-bubble, e le ho fihlela sepheo sa ho hlakisoa.
Palo ea arsenic e tšoeu ka kakaretso ke 0.2% -0.6% ea palo ea batch, 'me palo ea nitrate e hlahisoang ke makhetlo a 4-8 ho feta arsenic e tšoeu. Tšebeliso e feteletseng ea arsenic e tšoeu ha e eketse feela ho ferekana, empa e boetse e silafatsa tikoloho ebile e kotsi 'meleng oa motho. Ligrama tse 0,06 tsa arsenic e tšoeu li ka baka lefu. Ka hona, ha u sebelisa arsenic e tšoeu, motho ea khethehileng o lokela ho abeloa ho e boloka e le ho thibela liketsahalo tsa chefo. Khalase e nang le arsenic e tšoeu e le moemeli ea hlakisang ho bonolo ho fokotsa le ho soeufatsa khalase nakong ea ts'ebetso ea lebone, kahoo arsenic e tšoeu e lokela ho sebelisoa ka tlase kapa eseng ka khalase ea lebone.
2. Antimony oxide
Phello ea ho hlakisa ea antimony oxide e tšoana le ea arsenic e tšoeu, hape e tlameha ho sebelisoa hammoho le nitrate. Mocheso oa ho hlakisa le ho bola oa ho sebelisa antimony oxide o tlase ho feta oa arsenic e tšoeu, kahoo antimony oxide e atisa ho sebelisoa e le ntho e hlakisang ha ho qhibiliha khalase ea loto. Khalaseng ea soda ea lime silicate, 0.2% antimony oxide le 0.4% white arsenic e sebelisoa e le lisebelisoa tse hlakisang, tse nang le phello e ntle ea ho hlakisa 'me li ka thibela ho hlahisa li-bubble tsa bobeli.
3. Nitrate
Nitrate feela ha e sebelisoe hangata joalo ka ntho e hlakisang khalase, 'me hangata e sebelisoa e le mofani oa oksijene hammoho le li-valence oxides tse fapaneng.
4. Cerium dioxide
Cerium dioxide e na le mocheso o phahameng oa ho bola 'me ke moemeli oa ho hlakisa hantle, o sebelisoang haholo e le thepa e tala. Ha e sebelisoa e le moemeli oa ho hlakisa, ha ho hlokahale hore e kopanngoe le nitrate, 'me e ka lokolla oksijene ka boeona ka mocheso o phahameng ho potlakisa tlhaloso. E le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, hangata e sebelisoa hammoho le sulfate ha ho etsoa libolo tsa khalase ho finyella liphello tse ntle tsa ho hlakisa.
2. Sulfate clarifier
Li-sulfate tse sebelisoang ka khalase haholo ke sodium sulfate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, le sulfate e nang le mocheso o phahameng oa ho bola, e leng ntho e hlakisang mocheso o phahameng. Ha sulfate e sebelisoa e le moemeli oa ho hlakisa, ho molemo ho e sebelisa hammoho le oxidizing agent nitrate, 'me e ke ke ea sebelisoa hammoho le moemeli oa ho fokotsa ho thibela sulfate ho senyeha ha mocheso o tlaase. Sulfate e atisa ho sebelisoa ka khalase ea botlolo le khalase e bataletseng, 'me tekanyo ea eona ke 1.0% -1.5% ea batch.
3. Moemeli oa ho hlakisa Halide
Haholo-holo kenyeletsa fluoride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride joalo-joalo. Fluoride haholo-holo ke fluorite le sodium fluorosilicate. Palo ea fluorite e sebelisoang e le ntho e hlakisang hangata e baloa ho ipapisitsoe le 0.5% ea fluorine e kentsoeng sehlopheng. Tekanyetso e akaretsang ea sodium fluorosilicate ke 0.4% -0.6% ea bongata ba sodium oxide ka khalase. Nakong ea ho qhibiliha ha fluoride, karolo ea fluorine e tla hlahisa hydrogen fluoride, silicon fluoride, le sodium fluoride. Chefo ea eona e kholo ho feta ea sulfur dioxide. Tšusumetso ea sepakapaka e lokela ho nahanoa ha e sebelisoa. The vaporization le volatilization ea sodium chloride ka mocheso phahameng ka khothalletsa ho hlakisoa ha mokelikeli khalase. Tekanyetso e akaretsang ke 1.3% -3.5% ea thepa ea batch. Ho hongata haholo ho tla emulsify khalase. Hangata e sebelisoa e le ho hlakisa khalase e nang le boron.
Nne, tlhakisi e kopaneng
Tlhaloso ea motsoako haholo-holo e sebelisa melemo e meraro ea tlhaloso ea oksijene, tlhaloso ea sebabole le tlhaloso ea halogen ho moemeli oa tlhaloso, 'me e fana ka papali e feletseng ho liphello tsa synergistic le superimposed tsa tse tharo, tse ka finyellang phello ea tlhaloso e tsoelang pele le ho ntlafatsa haholo tlhaloso. bokgoni. Ke tlhaloso e le 'ngoe. Moemeli ha a bapisoa. Ho ea ka sethala sa nts'etsopele, ho na le: moloko oa pele oa li-clarifiers tse kopantsoeng, moloko oa bobeli oa litlhaloso tse entsoeng ka lihlopha le moloko oa boraro oa litlhaloso tse kopanetsoeng. Moloko oa boraro oa li-clarifiers tse kopantsoeng li boetse li bitsoa moloko o mocha oa li-clarifiers tse nang le botsoalle ba tikoloho, tse nang le botala le tikoloho. E tsebahala ka polokeho le katleho ea eona, ke tataiso ea nts'etsopele ea nako e tlang ea indasteri ea ho hloekisa likhalase le mokhoa o ke keng oa qojoa oa ho fihlela litlolo tse se nang arsenic indastering ea likhalase. Tekanyetso e akaretsang ke 0.4% -0.6% ea sehlopha. Motsoako o hlakileng o sebelisitsoe haholo likhalaseng tsa botlolo, libolo tsa khalase (alkali e mahareng, e se nang alkali), khalase ea bongaka, khalase ea mohloli oa leseli la motlakase, likhalase tsa elektroniki, li-ceramics tsa khalase le likhalase tse ling. Indasteri ea lihlahisoa.
2. Sulfate clarifier
Li-sulfate tse sebelisoang ka khalase haholo ke sodium sulfate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, le sulfate e nang le mocheso o phahameng oa ho bola, e leng ntho e hlakisang mocheso o phahameng. Ha sulfate e sebelisoa e le moemeli oa ho hlakisa, ho molemo ho e sebelisa hammoho le oxidizing agent nitrate, 'me e ke ke ea sebelisoa hammoho le moemeli oa ho fokotsa ho thibela sulfate ho senyeha ha mocheso o tlaase. Sulfate e atisa ho sebelisoa ka khalase ea botlolo le khalase e bataletseng, 'me tekanyo ea eona ke 1.0% -1.5% ea batch.
3. Moemeli oa ho hlakisa Halide
Haholo-holo kenyeletsa fluoride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride joalo-joalo. Fluoride haholo-holo ke fluorite le sodium fluorosilicate. Palo ea fluorite e sebelisoang e le ntho e hlakisang hangata e baloa ho ipapisitsoe le 0.5% ea fluorine e kentsoeng sehlopheng. Tekanyetso e akaretsang ea sodium fluorosilicate ke 0.4% -0.6% ea bongata ba sodium oxide ka khalase. Nakong ea ho qhibiliha ha fluoride, karolo ea fluorine e tla hlahisa hydrogen fluoride, silicon fluoride, le sodium fluoride. Chefo ea eona e kholo ho feta ea sulfur dioxide. Tšusumetso ea sepakapaka e lokela ho nahanoa ha e sebelisoa. The vaporization le volatilization ea sodium chloride ka mocheso phahameng ka khothalletsa ho hlakisoa ha mokelikeli khalase. Tekanyetso e akaretsang ke 1.3% -3.5% ea thepa ea batch. Ho hongata haholo ho tla emulsify khalase. Hangata e sebelisoa e le ho hlakisa khalase e nang le boron.
Nne, tlhakisi e kopaneng
Tlhaloso ea motsoako haholo-holo e sebelisa melemo e meraro ea tlhaloso ea oksijene, tlhaloso ea sebabole le tlhaloso ea halogen ho moemeli oa tlhaloso, 'me e fana ka papali e feletseng ho liphello tsa synergistic le superimposed tsa tse tharo, tse ka finyellang phello ea tlhaloso e tsoelang pele le ho ntlafatsa haholo tlhaloso. bokgoni. Ke tlhaloso e le 'ngoe. Moemeli ha a bapisoa. Ho ea ka sethala sa nts'etsopele, ho na le: moloko oa pele oa li-clarifiers tse kopantsoeng, moloko oa bobeli oa litlhaloso tse entsoeng ka lihlopha le moloko oa boraro oa litlhaloso tse kopanetsoeng. Moloko oa boraro oa li-clarifiers tse kopantsoeng li boetse li bitsoa moloko o mocha oa li-clarifiers tse nang le botsoalle ba tikoloho, tse nang le botala le tikoloho. E tsebahala ka polokeho le katleho ea eona, ke tataiso ea nts'etsopele ea nako e tlang ea indasteri ea ho hloekisa likhalase le mokhoa o ke keng oa qojoa oa ho fihlela litlolo tse se nang arsenic indastering ea likhalase. Tekanyetso e akaretsang ke 0.4% -0.6% ea sehlopha. Motsoako o hlakileng o sebelisitsoe haholo likhalaseng tsa botlolo, libolo tsa khalase (alkali e mahareng, e se nang alkali), khalase ea bongaka, khalase ea mohloli oa leseli la motlakase, likhalase tsa elektroniki, li-ceramics tsa khalase le likhalase tse ling. Indasteri ea lihlahisoa.
Nako ea poso: Dec-06-2021